Rev. Cecil Wayne Thorn
Is Jesus Reliable?
Introduction
Is Jesus reliable? The evidence suggests that He is not only reliable but foundational to the Christian faith. Throughout history, Jesus’ identity as the Son of God, His teachings, and His fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies have been consistently affirmed. His death and resurrection are central events that validate His claims, offering proof of His victory over sin and death. The transformation of His disciples from fearful followers to bold proclaimers of His resurrection, along with the rapid spread of Christianity despite intense persecution, further attests to His reliability. Jesus’ promises, as recorded in Scripture, have been proven true time and again, providing hope and assurance to believers.
Moreover, Jesus’ teachings continue to resonate with millions worldwide, offering timeless wisdom, moral guidance, and a path to spiritual fulfillment. His life and message have withstood the scrutiny of history, philosophy, and science, remaining relevant and impactful across cultures and generations. The reliability of Jesus is not just a matter of historical fact but also a personal experience for countless individuals who have found transformation, peace, and purpose through a relationship with Him. In a world filled with uncertainty, Jesus stands as a constant and trustworthy foundation upon which to build one’s life and faith.
Note: English version PDF file
“Who do you say that I am?”
This is a question each of us must personally confront and answer.
(Matthew 16:15 (ESV)). Jesus asks this question to His disciples, and it invites everyone to consider their understanding and relationship with Him. It touches on the core of Christian faith acknowledging Jesus as the Christ, the Son of God. How one answers this question has profound implications for belief, identity, and eternal destiny.
Matthew 16:13-17 (ESV):
13 Now when Jesus came into the district of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?”
14 And they said, “Some say John the Baptist, others say Elijah, and others Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”
15 He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”
16 Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”
17 And Jesus answered him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah! For flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven.”
“What must I do to be saved?”
You should answer the question “What must I do to be saved?” because it addresses the deepest need of the human soul—finding peace with God, securing eternal life, and understanding the path to true freedom and fulfillment. Your response shapes your beliefs, your purpose in life, and your eternal destiny.
This question appears in various forms in the New Testament, such as in Acts 16:25-31 (ESV) when the Philippian jailer asks Paul and Silas, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?” The question gets to the heart of the human condition and the need for salvation, leading to the understanding of faith in Jesus Christ, repentance, and the grace of God as the way to eternal life.
Acts 16:25-31 (ESV)
25 About midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, and the prisoners were listening to them,
26 and suddenly there was a great earthquake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken. And immediately all the doors were opened, and everyone’s bonds were unfastened.
27 When the jailer woke and saw that the prison doors were open, he drew his sword and was about to kill himself, supposing that the prisoners had escaped.
28 But Paul cried with a loud voice, “Do not harm yourself, for we are all here.”
29 And the jailer called for lights and rushed in, and trembling with fear he fell down before Paul and Silas.
30 Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?”
31 And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.”
Death and resurrection of Jesus Christ?
The death and resurrection of Jesus Christ are absolutely central to the Christian faith, and their significance cannot be overstated. Here’s why:
1. Fulfillment of Prophecy: Jesus’ death and resurrection were the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, demonstrating that He is the promised Messiah. (See below: Scriptural and Historical Evidence)
2. Atonement for Sin: The death of Jesus on the cross is seen as the ultimate sacrifice for sin. It is through His death that humanity’s sins are forgiven, reconciling us to God (Romans 3:23-25 (ESV).
3. Victory Over Death: The resurrection of Jesus is proof of His victory over death and the power of sin. It assures believers of their own future resurrection and eternal life (1 Corinthians 15:54-57 (ESV).
4. Foundation of Christian Faith: Without the resurrection, Christian preaching and faith would be in vain (1 Corinthians 15:14 (ESV). The resurrection confirms Jesus’ divine nature and the truth of His teachings.
5. Hope and New Life: The resurrection provides hope for believers, symbolizing new life in Christ. It represents the power of God to bring life out of death and is the basis for the Christian hope of eternal life.
Conclusion
In essence, the death and resurrection of Jesus are the cornerstone of Christian doctrine, symbolizing the defeat of sin and death, and the hope of eternal life for believers.
- Scriptural and Historical Evidence
The death and resurrection of Jesus Christ are central tenets of the Christian faith, supported by both scriptural accounts and historical evidence. Here’s a comprehensive overview:
Scriptural Evidence
1. Old Testament Prophecies:
– Isaiah 53 (ESV): This passage, often referred to as the “Suffering Servant,” foretells the suffering, death, and vindication of a servant who would bear the sins of many.
– Psalm 22: This psalm vividly describes suffering that closely mirrors crucifixion, though it was written long before this method of execution was known.
– Psalm 16:10 (ESV): “For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, or let your holy one see corruption.” This is interpreted in the New Testament as a prophecy of Jesus’ resurrection (Acts 2:27 (ESV)).
2. New Testament Accounts:
– Gospels:
– Matthew 27:32-28 (ESV):Matthew 10 (ESV): Details Jesus’ crucifixion, death, burial, and resurrection appearances.
– Mark 15:21-16:8 (ESV): Provides a similar account, including the empty tomb.
– Luke 23:26-24:49 (ESV): Describes the events of the crucifixion, the discovery of the empty tomb, and Jesus’ appearances to His disciples.
– John 19:16-20:29 (ESV): Offers a detailed narrative of Jesus’ death, burial, and post-resurrection appearances.
– Paul’s Letters:
– 1 Corinthians 15:3-8 (ESV): Paul provides a summary of the resurrection appearances, emphasizing that Jesus appeared to many witnesses.
– Romans 1:4 (ESV): Paul asserts that Jesus was “declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead.”
– Philippians 2:8-11 (ESV): Describes the exaltation of Christ following His obedient death on the cross.
– Acts:
– Acts 2:22-24 (ESV): Peter’s sermon on Pentecost emphasizes Jesus’ death and resurrection as the fulfillment of God’s plan.
– Acts 13:28-31 (ESV): Paul preaches about Jesus’ resurrection, affirming that He was seen by many witnesses.
Historical Evidence
1. Tacitus (c. 56-120 AD):
– The Roman historian mentions Jesus (referred to as Christus) in his Annals (Book 15, Chapter 44). He describes how Jesus was executed during the reign of Emperor Tiberius by the procurator Pontius Pilate and that the Christian movement continued after His death.
2. Josephus (c. 37-100 AD):
– The Jewish historian mentions Jesus in Antiquities of the Jews (Book 18, Chapter 3). While the authenticity of some parts of this text (Testimonium Flavianum) is debated, Josephus does acknowledge Jesus’ crucifixion under Pilate and the continued existence of Christians.
3. Pliny the Younger (c. 61-113 AD):
– In a letter to Emperor Trajan (Epistles 10.96), Pliny describes early Christian worship, which included hymns to Christ as a deity, reflecting belief in His resurrection.
4. The Shroud of Turin:
– While controversial, some believe the Shroud of Turin could be a relic of Jesus’ burial. Scientific investigations into the Shroud are ongoing, but it remains a significant piece of Christian tradition.
5. The Empty Tomb:
– The fact that the tomb was found empty is attested by all four Gospels. The empty tomb was acknowledged by both followers and critics, and various explanations were proposed, but the early Christians consistently proclaimed it as evidence of Jesus’ resurrection.
6. Transformation of the Disciples:
– After the resurrection, the disciples, who had fled and hid during Jesus’ arrest and crucifixion, became bold proclaimers of the resurrection. This dramatic change is often cited as evidence that they genuinely believed in the resurrection.
7. The Rise of Christianity:
– The rapid spread of Christianity and the willingness of early Christians to face persecution and martyrdom for their faith in the resurrected Christ is seen as powerful evidence of their conviction that Jesus had indeed risen from the dead.
Conclusion
The death and resurrection of Jesus Christ are supported by a combination of biblical prophecies, Gospel accounts, and references from early non-Christian historians. The transformation of Jesus’ followers and the rise of Christianity further attest to the profound impact of these events on history.
Appearances of Jesus after his death and resurrection
The Bible records several appearances of Jesus after His resurrection. Here’s a list of key appearances, along with scriptural references and, where possible, estimates of how many people were present:
1. Mary Magdalene
– Reference: John 20:11-18 (ESV); Mark 16:9 (ESV)
– Number of People: 1
2. The Women at the Tomb
– Reference: Matthew 28:1-10 (ESV)
– Number of People: Multiple women (exact number not specified)
3. Two Disciples on the Road to Emmaus
– Reference: Luke 24:13-32 (ESV); Mark 16:12 (ESV)
– Number of People: 2
4. Peter (Cephas)
– Reference: Luke 24:34 (ESV); 1 Corinthians 15:5 (ESV)
– Number of People: 1
5. The Disciples Without Thomas
– Reference: John 20:19-23 (ESV); Luke 24:36-43 (ESV)
– Number of People: Likely 10 (the Eleven, minus Thomas)
6. The Disciples With Thomas
– Reference: John 20:24-29 (ESV)
– Number of People: 11
7. The Seven Disciples by the Sea of Galilee
– Reference: John 21:1-14 (ESV)
– Number of People: 7
8. The Disciples on a Mountain in Galilee
– Reference: Matthew 28:16-20 (ESV)
– Number of People: 11
9. Over 500 Brothers at Once
– Reference: 1 Corinthians 15:6 (ESV)
– Number of People: Over 500
10. James
– Reference: 1 Corinthians 15:7 (ESV)
– Number of People: 1
11. The Apostles at the Ascension
– Reference: Luke 24:50-53 (ESV); Acts 1:3-9 (ESV)
– Number of People: 11 (the Eleven Apostles)
Summary:
– Small groups/individuals: Several appearances to individuals or small groups.
– Large group: At least one appearance to over 500 people at once (1 Corinthians 15:6).
In total, these references indicate that hundreds of people witnessed the resurrected Jesus.
My thoughts on the reliability of Jesus
Coupled with these critical questions and biblical references, provide a thorough exploration of the core tenets of Christian faith. Here’s a concise summary and reflection on your key points:
1. Who Is Jesus?
– Key Scripture: Matthew 16:13-17 (ESV)
– Reflection: The question Jesus posed to His disciples, “Who do you say that I am?” is central to Christian belief. Acknowledging Jesus as the Christ, the Son of the living God, as Peter did, is a confession that shapes the identity and faith of a believer. This acknowledgment isn’t just about intellectual assent but about a profound, personal relationship with Jesus that affects one’s entire life and eternal destiny.
2. What Must I Do to Be Saved?
– Key Scripture: Acts 16:25-31 (ESV)
– Reflection: The Philippian jailer’s desperate question, “What must I do to be saved?” reflects the universal human need for salvation. The response, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved,” encapsulates the simplicity and profundity of the Christian message. Salvation is not earned but received through faith in Jesus Christ, whose death and resurrection provide the means for forgiveness and eternal life.
3. Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ
– Key Points:
– Fulfillment of Prophecy: Jesus’ death and resurrection fulfill Old Testament prophecies, affirming Him as the promised Messiah.
– Atonement for Sin: Jesus’ death serves as the ultimate sacrifice for sin, reconciling humanity to God.
– Victory Over Death: The resurrection is proof of Jesus’ victory over death, offering believers hope of eternal life.
– Foundation of Christian Faith: Without the resurrection, the Christian faith would be meaningless. It confirms the truth of Jesus’ teachings and His divine nature.
– Hope and New Life: The resurrection symbolizes new life in Christ and assures believers of their future resurrection.
4. Scriptural and Historical Evidence
– Scriptural Evidence: Prophecies in Isaiah 53 (ESV), Psalm 22 (ESV), and Psalm 16 (ESV), along with detailed accounts in the Gospels and writings of Paul, provide a robust scriptural foundation for the death and resurrection of Jesus.
– Historical Evidence: Non-Christian sources like Tacitus, Josephus, and Pliny the Younger, along with early Christian testimony, support the historicity of Jesus’ crucifixion and the early belief in His resurrection.
– The Empty Tomb: The consistent proclamation of the empty tomb by early Christians, despite the risks, strengthens the claim of Jesus’ resurrection.
5. Appearances of Jesus After His Resurrection
– Key Appearances:
– Mary Magdalene, the women at the tomb, the disciples (with and without Thomas), the two disciples on the road to Emmaus, Peter, and over 500 brothers at once, among others, witnessed the resurrected Jesus.
– Summary: These post-resurrection appearances, as documented in various New Testament passages, reinforce the truth of the resurrection. The transformation of the disciples and the rapid spread of Christianity serve as further evidence of the resurrection’s impact.
Conclusion: Is Jesus Reliable?, My analysis leads to a powerful conclusion.
Yes, Jesus is reliable. His identity as The Christ, the fulfillment of prophecy through His death and resurrection, the scriptural and historical evidence supporting these events, and the numerous post-resurrection appearances all point to the reliability of Jesus. The implications of His reliability are vast, influencing not only personal faith and salvation but also the foundational beliefs of Christianity itself.
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