Here’s a four-week Bible study on the Apostle Paul
Table of Contents
Week 1: Paul’s Conversion and Calling
Day 1: Introduction to Paul
Day 2: Paul’s Encounter with Jesus
Day 3: Ananias Restores Paul’s Sight
Day 4: Paul’s Transformation
Day 5: Paul’s Early Ministry
Week 2: Paul’s Missionary Journeys (Part 1)
Day 1: Paul’s First Missionary Journey Begins
Day 2: Ministry in Antioch of Pisidia
Day 3: Paul’s Ministry in Iconium and Lystra
Day 4: Paul and Barnabas at the Council of Jerusalem
Day 5: Paul’s Disagreement with Barnabas and Departure with Silas
Week 3: Paul’s Missionary Journeys (Part 2)
Day 1: Paul’s Second Missionary Journey Begins
Day 2: Paul’s Ministry in Philippi
Day 3: Ministry in Thessalonica and Berea
Day 4: Paul’s Ministry in Athens
Day 5: Paul’s Ministry in Corinth
Week 4: Paul’s Letters and Imprisonment
Day 1: Paul’s Letters to the Churches
Day 2: Paul’s Arrest in Jerusalem
Day 3: Paul’s Defense Before Felix
Day 4: Paul’s Defense Before Festus and Agrippa
Day 5: Paul’s Journey to Rome
Week 1: Paul’s Conversion and Calling
Day 1: Introduction to Paul
The Apostle Paul, originally known as Saul of Tarsus, emerges in the New Testament as one of the most influential figures in early Christianity. Born into a devout Jewish family, Paul was educated in the traditions of Judaism and zealously persecuted early Christians. However, his life took a dramatic turn when he encountered the risen Jesus on the road to Damascus, resulting in his conversion and commission as an apostle to the Gentiles. Paul’s profound theological insights, missionary journeys, and prolific epistles played a foundational role in shaping Christian doctrine and spreading the gospel throughout the Roman Empire. His unwavering commitment to Christ, coupled with his deep understanding of both Jewish and Gentile cultures, made him a key bridge-builder within the early Christian community, cementing his legacy as a towering figure in the history of Christianity.
Scripture: Acts 9:1-19 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 9:1-19 (ESV) provides rich insights into the transformative encounter of Saul of Tarsus with the risen Christ on the road to Damascus. Henry underscores the magnitude of Saul’s conversion, highlighting the sudden and miraculous nature of his encounter with Jesus. He emphasizes Saul’s profound transformation from a zealous persecutor of Christians to a passionate follower of Christ and apostle to the Gentiles. Henry also emphasizes the sovereignty of God in orchestrating Saul’s conversion, underscoring the divine initiative behind Saul’s calling and commissioning. Additionally, Henry emphasizes the role of Ananias in Saul’s conversion, noting his obedience to God’s call despite initial reluctance. Overall, Henry’s commentary illuminates the significance of Saul’s conversion as a pivotal moment in the early church and as a testament to the transformative power of God’s grace.
Here are three questions based on Acts 9:1-19 (ESV) that delve into this pivotal moment of Paul’s conversion and calling:
- What was Saul’s initial purpose on the road to Damascus according to Acts 9:1-2 (ESV)? How did his encounter with Jesus change the course of his mission?
- Describe Saul’s response to encountering Jesus on the road to Damascus as recorded in Acts 9:3-9 (ESV). What physical and spiritual changes did he experience during this encounter?
- How did Ananias play a crucial role in Saul’s conversion and early ministry as depicted in Acts 9:10-19? What significance does Ananias’s obedience to God’s instruction hold in this narrative?
These questions highlight Saul’s transformation into Paul, illustrating the profound impact of encountering Jesus and the divine intervention that propelled Paul into his influential ministry among both Jews and Gentiles.
Day 2: Paul’s Encounter with Jesus
Paul’s encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus stands as a watershed moment not only in his life but also in the history of Christianity. Blazing with divine light, Jesus appeared to Saul, who was then a fervent persecutor of Christians, and confronted him with a question that would echo through the corridors of eternity: “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?” In that instant, Saul’s entire worldview shattered as he came face to face with the risen Christ. This encounter was not merely a dramatic spectacle but a profound revelation of grace, mercy, and divine purpose. From that moment forward, Saul’s life was forever changed. He became Paul, the relentless advocate of the gospel he once sought to destroy, a living testimony to the transformative power of encountering Jesus Christ.
Scripture: Acts 9:1-9 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 9:1-9 (ESV) delves into the remarkable conversion of Saul of Tarsus, later known as the apostle Paul. Henry emphasizes the dramatic nature of Saul’s encounter with the risen Christ on the road to Damascus, highlighting how the blinding light and the voice of Jesus profoundly impacted Saul’s life. Henry explores the depth of Saul’s opposition to Christianity prior to his conversion, underscoring the magnitude of the transformation that took place. He emphasizes the sovereignty of God in orchestrating Saul’s conversion, demonstrating how God’s grace can penetrate even the hardest of hearts. Furthermore, Henry discusses the significance of Saul’s blindness as a symbol of his spiritual condition before encountering Christ. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides profound insights into the spiritual journey of Saul and the divine intervention that led to his conversion, highlighting the transformative power of encountering Jesus Christ.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus based on Acts 9:1-9 (ESV):
- Describe the circumstances leading up to Saul’s encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus. What was Saul’s purpose in traveling to Damascus?
- How did Jesus reveal Himself to Saul during this encounter, and what impact did this revelation have on Saul’s perception of Jesus and his own mission?
- What physical and spiritual effects did Saul experience as a result of encountering Jesus on the road to Damascus? How did this encounter mark a turning point in Saul’s life and ministry?
These questions can help explore the details and significance of this pivotal moment in Paul’s life and the early history of Christianity as recorded in Acts 9:1-9 (ESV).
Day 3: Ananias Restores Paul’s Sight
In Acts 9:10-19 (ESV), we witness a pivotal moment in the early Christian narrative as Ananias, a faithful disciple, is called upon by the Lord to restore the sight of Saul, who had been blinded by a divine encounter on the road to Damascus. Despite initial reservations, Ananias displays remarkable obedience to God’s command, demonstrating a deep trust in divine providence. As Ananias lays his hands on Saul, scales fall from his eyes, symbolizing not only the physical restoration of sight but also the spiritual enlightenment that accompanies Saul’s conversion. This encounter between Ananias and Saul serves as a powerful testament to the transformative power of God’s grace and the importance of obedience to His will. Through Ananias’s act of faithfulness, Saul is not only physically healed but also welcomed into the community of believers, marking the beginning of his journey as the influential apostle Paul.
Scripture: Acts 9:10-19 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 9:10-19 (ESV) provides profound insights into the role of Ananias in restoring Paul’s sight and initiating his ministry. Henry emphasizes Ananias’s obedience to God’s call despite his initial apprehension, highlighting his willingness to trust in divine guidance. He explores the significance of Ananias’s role as a mediator between Paul and the early Christian community, underscoring the importance of reconciliation and acceptance within the body of believers. Henry also delves into the symbolic nature of Paul’s blindness and restoration, drawing parallels to the spiritual enlightenment that accompanies conversion. Overall, Henry’s commentary illuminates the themes of faith, obedience, and redemption inherent in this passage, offering readers a deeper understanding of the transformative power of God’s grace in the lives of His followers.
Here are three questions based on the account of Ananias restoring Saul’s sight in Acts 9:10-19 (ESV):
- Who was Ananias, and how did he initially respond when God instructed him to go to Saul and restore his sight?
- Describe the significance of Ananias’s obedience to God’s command despite his reservations. What does this reveal about Ananias’s faith and trust in divine providence?
- What symbolic meaning is conveyed through the act of Ananias laying his hands on Saul and the subsequent falling of scales from Saul’s eyes? How does this symbolize both physical healing and spiritual enlightenment in Saul’s life?
These questions can help explore the role of Ananias in Saul’s conversion and highlight the themes of obedience, faithfulness, and the transformative power of God’s grace as depicted in Acts 9:10-19 (ESV).
Day 4: Paul’s Transformation
Paul’s transformation from Saul of Tarsus, a zealous persecutor of Christians, to the esteemed apostle Paul is a testament to the radical power of God’s grace. In Acts 9:1-19 (ESV), we witness the dramatic encounter on the road to Damascus, where Saul is enveloped in a blinding light and hears the voice of Jesus calling him by name. This divine intervention not only physically blinds Saul but also opens his spiritual eyes to the truth of Jesus Christ. Through the ministry of Ananias, Saul’s sight is restored, symbolizing the illumination of his heart and mind to the reality of the gospel. From that moment forward, Saul’s life is marked by a profound transformation characterized by repentance, faith, and fervent devotion to Christ. Renamed Paul, he becomes a fearless preacher of the gospel, enduring persecution, hardship, and imprisonment to spread the message of salvation to both Jews and Gentiles. Paul’s transformation serves as a powerful example of God’s ability to redeem even the most hardened hearts and to use unlikely vessels for His divine purposes.
Scripture: Galatians 1:11-24 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Galatians 1:11-24 (ESV) provides valuable insights into the authenticity of Paul’s apostolic calling and the authority of his message. Henry underscores Paul’s defense against accusations of preaching a gospel of human origin by emphasizing the divine revelation he received directly from Jesus Christ. Henry highlights Paul’s insistence that his gospel message did not originate from human tradition or instruction but was instead revealed to him by Jesus Himself. This divine commissioning not only authenticated Paul’s apostleship but also served as a foundation for his unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel truth. Furthermore, Henry explores the significance of Paul’s transformation from a persecutor of the church to a preacher of Christ, highlighting the radical nature of his conversion and the evidence of God’s grace at work in his life. Overall, Henry’s commentary illuminates the central themes of divine revelation, apostolic authority, and personal transformation inherent in Paul’s testimony, providing readers with a deeper understanding of the authenticity and significance of his ministry.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s transformation and calling based on the description in Acts 9:1-19 and Galatians 1:11-24 (ESV):
- Describe Saul’s encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus as depicted in Acts 9 (ESV). How did this encounter lead to Saul’s transformation into the apostle Paul?
- According to Galatians 1:11-24 (ESV), what details does Paul share about his conversion experience and subsequent ministry? How does he emphasize the role of divine revelation in shaping his mission?
- How did the ministry of Ananias contribute to Paul’s transformation and acceptance into the Christian community? What symbolic significance is attached to the restoration of Saul’s sight by Ananias?
These questions can help explore the details of Paul’s transformation, his calling as an apostle, and the role of divine intervention and human agency in shaping his ministry as described in Acts 9 and Galatians 1:11-24 (ESV).
Day 5: Paul’s Early Ministry
Paul’s early ministry, following his conversion on the road to Damascus, was characterized by fervent zeal and unwavering dedication to spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ. Emerging from a background of vehement persecution against Christians, Paul experienced a profound transformation that propelled him into a life of missionary endeavors and ministerial service. Acts 9:20-31 (ESV) chronicles Paul’s immediate immersion into preaching the message he once sought to destroy, boldly proclaiming Jesus as the Son of God in the synagogues. Despite facing initial skepticism and opposition, Paul’s passion for Christ and his unyielding commitment to sharing the good news propelled him forward. He embarked on a journey of evangelism and church planting, tirelessly laboring to establish and strengthen the burgeoning Christian communities throughout the regions of Judea and beyond. Paul’s early ministry laid a solid foundation for his subsequent apostolic endeavors, foreshadowing the profound impact he would have on the expansion and establishment of the Christian faith in the ancient world.
Scripture: Acts 9:20-31 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 9:20-31 (ESV) offers valuable insights into Paul’s early ministry following his conversion. Henry underscores the remarkable transformation that took place in Paul’s life, noting his immediate and fervent proclamation of Jesus as the Son of God. He emphasizes Paul’s boldness in preaching the gospel despite facing opposition and persecution from those who were skeptical of his conversion. Henry also highlights the role of Barnabas in affirming Paul’s ministry and facilitating his acceptance within the Christian community. Furthermore, Henry explores the growth and expansion of the early church as a result of Paul’s preaching, underscoring the transformative power of the gospel message. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the significance of Paul’s early ministry and its impact on the spread of Christianity in the first-century world.
Here are three questions based on Paul’s early ministry described in Acts 9:20-31 (ESV):
- How did Paul begin his ministry immediately after his conversion in Acts 9:20-22 (ESV)? What message did he boldly proclaim in the synagogues, and how did the people react to his preaching?
- Despite facing initial skepticism and opposition from some Jews, how did Paul demonstrate unwavering commitment to spreading the gospel in Acts 9:23-25 (ESV)? What challenges did he encounter, and how did he persevere in his ministry?
- According to Acts 9:26-31 (ESV), how did the believers in Jerusalem respond to Paul’s conversion and early ministry? How did Barnabas play a significant role in Paul’s acceptance into the Christian community, and what impact did this have on Paul’s subsequent missionary endeavors?
These questions can help explore the details of Paul’s fervent ministry following his conversion, his perseverance in the face of opposition, and the support he received from fellow believers as described in Acts 9:20-31 (ESV).
Week 2: Paul’s Missionary Journeys (Part 1)
Day 1: Paul’s First Missionary Journey Begins
Here we witness the commencement of Paul’s first missionary journey, a pivotal chapter in the spread of Christianity throughout the ancient world. Led by the Holy Spirit and commissioned by the church in Antioch, Paul, accompanied by Barnabas and John Mark, sets out to proclaim the gospel to both Jews and Gentiles. The journey begins in Cyprus, where they encounter Bar-Jesus, also known as Elymas the sorcerer, who opposes their message. In a display of divine power, Paul rebukes Elymas, temporarily blinding him, thus validating the authority of their message. This encounter serves as a significant milestone in Paul’s missionary endeavors, illustrating the spiritual warfare inherent in spreading the gospel and the transformative impact of God’s Word. As Paul and his companions continue their journey, they pave the way for the establishment of new Christian communities and the expansion of the early church, setting the stage for subsequent missionary efforts and the fulfillment of Christ’s Great Commission.
Scripture: Acts 13:1-12 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 13:1-12 (ESV) offers profound insights into the inauguration of Paul’s first missionary journey. Henry underscores the pivotal role of the Holy Spirit in guiding and empowering Paul and his companions as they embark on their mission to proclaim the gospel. He highlights the significance of Paul’s encounter with Elymas, the sorcerer, as a demonstration of divine authority and the spiritual battle that accompanies the preaching of the gospel. Henry emphasizes Paul’s boldness and conviction in confronting opposition, illustrating the transformative power of God’s Word to overcome obstacles and bring about spiritual awakening. Furthermore, Henry explores the theme of divine sovereignty in orchestrating events to fulfill God’s purposes, underscoring the providential nature of Paul’s missionary endeavors. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the spiritual dynamics at play in Paul’s missionary journeys and the profound impact of his ministry on the spread of Christianity in the early church era.
Here are three questions based on Paul’s first missionary journey described in Acts 13:1-12 (ESV):
- Who were the key figures involved in Paul’s first missionary journey according to Acts 13:1-3 (ESV)? How were they commissioned and sent out for this mission?
- Describe the encounter between Paul, Barnabas, and Elymas (Bar-Jesus) in Cyprus as detailed in Acts 13:4-12 (ESV). What was the nature of Elymas’s opposition to their message, and how did Paul respond?
- What was the significance of Paul’s rebuke of Elymas, resulting in his temporary blindness, in Acts 13:9-12 (ESV)? How did this event validate the authority of Paul and Barnabas’s message, and what impact did it have on the spread of Christianity during this missionary journey?
These questions can help delve into the narrative of Paul’s first missionary journey, focusing on key events and encounters described in Acts 13:1-12 (ESV), and their implications for the early spread of Christianity.
Day 2: Ministry in Antioch of Pisidia
Here we encounter Paul and Barnabas’s ministry in Antioch of Pisidia, a significant moment in the early spread of Christianity. Upon entering the synagogue on the Sabbath day, Paul is invited to speak, and he seizes the opportunity to deliver a powerful message of salvation through Jesus Christ. Drawing upon Israel’s history, Paul eloquently demonstrates how Jesus fulfills the promises made to their ancestors, emphasizing the importance of faith in Him for forgiveness of sins and justification. Despite facing resistance from some Jews who reject his message, Paul and Barnabas boldly proclaim the gospel to both Jews and Gentiles, resulting in the conversion of many. However, opposition from Jewish leaders leads to the expulsion of Paul and Barnabas from the region. Nevertheless, their ministry in Antioch of Pisidia lays a foundation for the spread of Christianity throughout the region, demonstrating the transformative power of the gospel and the unstoppable progress of God’s kingdom.
Scripture: Acts 13:13-52 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 13:13-52 (ESV) provides deep insights into Paul and Barnabas’s ministry in Antioch of Pisidia. Henry emphasizes Paul’s strategic approach in preaching the gospel, starting with a recounting of Israel’s history to establish Jesus as the promised Messiah. He highlights Paul’s skillful use of scripture to appeal to both Jews and Gentiles, demonstrating how Jesus fulfills the Old Testament prophecies. Henry also delves into the responses of the audience, noting the mixed reactions ranging from belief to rejection. He underscores the importance of faith in Jesus for salvation and the role of repentance in receiving forgiveness of sins. Furthermore, Henry explores the opposition faced by Paul and Barnabas from Jewish leaders, illustrating the inevitable conflict that arises when the gospel challenges entrenched religious traditions. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the dynamics of early Christian evangelism and the enduring relevance of Paul’s message for believers today.
Here are three questions based on Paul and Barnabas’s ministry in Antioch of Pisidia as described in Acts 13:13-52 (ESV):
- How did Paul begin his message when invited to speak in the synagogue at Antioch of Pisidia, according to Acts 13:16-25 (ESV)? What key aspects of Israel’s history did he emphasize to demonstrate Jesus Christ’s role in fulfilling God’s promises?
- Describe the response to Paul’s preaching in Antioch of Pisidia as detailed in Acts 13:42-52 (ESV). How did both Jews and Gentiles react to the message of salvation through Jesus Christ, and what impact did Paul and Barnabas’s ministry have on the local community?
- What role did opposition from Jewish leaders play in Paul and Barnabas’s experience in Antioch of Pisidia according to Acts 13:45-50 (ESV)? How did this opposition lead to their expulsion from the region, and what does this episode reveal about the challenges faced by early Christian missionaries?
These questions can help explore the content and impact of Paul’s preaching in Antioch of Pisidia, highlighting the response of the audience, the role of opposition, and the broader implications for the spread of Christianity in the region described in Acts 13:13-52 (ESV).
Day 3: Paul’s Ministry in Iconium and Lystra
We witness Paul and Barnabas’s ministry in Iconium and Lystra, where they encounter both fervent acceptance and vehement opposition. Despite facing persecution and threats to their lives, Paul and Barnabas fearlessly proclaim the gospel, performing signs and wonders to authenticate their message. In Iconium, they speak in the synagogue and many believe, but division arises among the Jews and Gentiles, leading to a plot to mistreat and stone them. Fleeing to Lystra, Paul heals a man crippled from birth, prompting the crowd to hail them as gods. However, when Paul rebukes their idolatry and proclaims the one true God, the mood swiftly shifts, and they stone Paul, leaving him for dead. Nevertheless, Paul rises and continues his mission, demonstrating unwavering faith and commitment to spreading the gospel despite the hardships and dangers he faces. This episode in Iconium and Lystra showcases the resilience of Paul and Barnabas in the face of adversity and their unwavering dedication to fulfilling their calling as ambassadors for Christ.
Scripture: Acts 14:1-28 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 14:1-28 (ESV) offers profound insights into Paul and Barnabas’s ministry in Iconium, Lystra, and Derbe. Henry emphasizes the resilience and determination of Paul and Barnabas in the face of opposition and persecution. He highlights the effectiveness of their preaching, which leads to the conversion of many Jews and Gentiles, despite the hostility of Jewish leaders. Henry also explores the miraculous signs and wonders performed by Paul and Barnabas, underscoring the divine validation of their message. Furthermore, Henry discusses the challenges faced by Paul and Barnabas, including Paul’s stoning in Lystra, and their perseverance in continuing their mission despite the hardships. He underscores the importance of faithfulness and endurance in the midst of trials, drawing lessons for believers in every age. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the dynamics of early Christian evangelism and the enduring impact of Paul and Barnabas’s ministry on the expansion of the early church.
Here are three questions based on Paul and Barnabas’s ministry in Iconium and Lystra as described in Acts 14:1-28 (ESV):
- What were some of the challenges Paul and Barnabas faced during their ministry in Iconium, as detailed in Acts 14:1-7 (ESV)? How did they respond to opposition and persecution while proclaiming the gospel?
- Describe the miraculous event that took place in Lystra, as recounted in Acts 14:8-18 (ESV). How did Paul’s healing of a crippled man lead to both acclaim and hostility from the crowd, and what was Paul’s response to being hailed as a god?
- How did Paul and Barnabas react to the persecution they faced in Lystra, as described in Acts 14:19-28 (ESV)? Despite being stoned and left for dead, how did Paul demonstrate unwavering faith and commitment to continue their mission of spreading the gospel?
These questions can help explore the challenges and triumphs of Paul and Barnabas’s missionary journey in Iconium and Lystra, highlighting their resilience in the face of adversity and their unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel despite opposition and persecution.
Day 4: Paul and Barnabas at the Council of Jerusalem
The Council of Jerusalem, depicted in Acts 15:1-35 (ESV), stands as a pivotal moment in the early church’s history, particularly regarding the inclusion of Gentiles into the faith community. Paul and Barnabas, along with other church leaders, journey to Jerusalem to address the question of whether Gentile converts must adhere to Jewish customs, such as circumcision, to be considered part of the Christian community. Paul vehemently argues for the inclusion of Gentiles based on the principle of salvation by grace through faith, rather than adherence to the Mosaic law. His impassioned defense resonates with the council, leading to a consensus that Gentile believers should not be burdened with Jewish rituals. Instead, they are encouraged to abstain from idolatry, sexual immorality, and consuming blood, demonstrating sensitivity to Jewish sensitivities while affirming the freedom of Gentile believers in Christ. The decision reached at the Council of Jerusalem marks a significant milestone in the early church’s understanding of its mission and identity, setting a precedent for the inclusive nature of Christianity and the primacy of grace in salvation.
Scripture: Acts 15:1-35 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 15:1-35 (ESV) provides profound insights into the proceedings of the Council of Jerusalem. Henry highlights the central issue at hand: the question of whether Gentile converts must adhere to Jewish customs, particularly circumcision, to be considered part of the Christian community. He emphasizes the spirited debate among the apostles and elders, noting Paul and Barnabas’s advocacy for the inclusion of Gentiles based on the principle of salvation by grace through faith. Henry explores the deliberations of the council and the wisdom displayed in reaching a consensus that Gentile believers should not be burdened with the yoke of the Mosaic law. Instead, they are encouraged to uphold moral standards consistent with the teachings of Christ. Henry underscores the importance of maintaining unity and harmony within the church while respecting cultural differences and diversity among believers. Overall, Henry’s commentary sheds light on the significance of the Council of Jerusalem in shaping the early church’s theology and mission, affirming the universal scope of salvation through Jesus Christ.
Here are three questions based on the Council of Jerusalem as depicted in Acts 15:1-35 (ESV):
- What was the central issue debated at the Council of Jerusalem as described in Acts 15:1-5 (ESV)? How did Paul and Barnabas defend the inclusion of Gentile converts into the Christian community?
- How did Peter and James contribute to the resolution of the dispute at the Council of Jerusalem, according to Acts 15:6-21 (ESV)? What key arguments did they present in favor of not imposing Jewish customs on Gentile believers?
- What was the final decision reached at the Council of Jerusalem, as outlined in Acts 15:22-35 (ESV)? How did this decision impact the early church’s approach to incorporating Gentiles into the faith community, and what principles did it establish regarding salvation and adherence to Jewish customs?
These questions delve into the significant theological and practical implications of the Council of Jerusalem, highlighting the pivotal role of Paul and other leaders in shaping the early church’s understanding of grace, faith, and the inclusion of Gentile believers.
Day 5: Paul’s Disagreement with Barnabas and Departure with Silas
We witness a significant disagreement between Paul and Barnabas regarding the inclusion of John Mark in their missionary journey, resulting in their subsequent separation. Despite their previous partnership in ministry, Paul is adamant about not taking John Mark, who had deserted them during an earlier mission trip. Barnabas, however, advocates for giving John Mark another chance. Unable to reconcile their differences, Paul and Barnabas part ways, with Barnabas taking John Mark and sailing to Cyprus while Paul selects Silas as his new companion and sets out on his missionary journey. This episode highlights the reality of conflict and disagreement among even the most esteemed leaders in the early church but also demonstrates the sovereignty of God in working through diverse circumstances and individuals to accomplish His purposes. The separation of Paul and Barnabas ultimately leads to the expansion of their missionary efforts, with each embarking on separate journeys to spread the gospel, thus multiplying the impact of their ministry.
Scripture: Acts 15:36-41 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 15:36-41 (ESV) delves into the disagreement between Paul and Barnabas over whether to take John Mark on their missionary journey, resulting in their eventual separation. Henry emphasizes the human element of conflict among even esteemed leaders in the early church, illustrating the reality of interpersonal tensions within the Christian community. He explores Paul’s firm stance on not taking John Mark due to his previous desertion, contrasting it with Barnabas’s compassionate advocacy for giving him another chance. Henry highlights the sovereignty of God in orchestrating the separation of Paul and Barnabas, despite the apparent discord, ultimately leading to the expansion of their missionary efforts as they embark on separate journeys. Additionally, Henry underscores the importance of forgiveness, reconciliation, and perseverance in the face of disagreement, drawing lessons for believers in navigating interpersonal conflicts within the church. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the complexities of human relationships and the providential workings of God in advancing His kingdom purposes through diverse circumstances and individuals.
Here are three questions based on the separation of Paul and Barnabas as described in Acts 15:36-41 (ESV):
- What was the primary reason for the disagreement between Paul and Barnabas regarding John Mark’s inclusion in their missionary journey, according to Acts 15:36-41 (ESV)? How did this disagreement lead to their separation?
- How did Paul and Barnabas each respond to the disagreement over John Mark’s participation in the missionary journey, as detailed in Acts 15:37-39? What factors influenced their decisions?
- What were the outcomes of the separation between Paul and Barnabas as depicted in Acts 15:40-41 (ESV)? How did this division ultimately contribute to the further spread of the gospel and expansion of their missionary efforts?
These questions explore the dynamics of conflict and decision-making among early Christian leaders, highlighting the complexities of interpersonal relationships and the diverse paths taken in advancing the mission of spreading the gospel.
Week 3: Paul’s Missionary Journeys (Part 2)
Day 1: Paul’s Second Missionary Journey Begins
Here we witness the beginning of Paul’s second missionary journey, a significant chapter in the spread of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire. Accompanied by Silas, Paul sets out to visit and strengthen the churches established during his first journey. Along the way, they encounter Timothy, a young disciple whose faith and reputation commend him to Paul’s ministry. Impressed by Timothy’s character and commitment, Paul circumcises him to avoid unnecessary offense to the Jewish communities they will encounter. As they travel through Phrygia and Galatia, the Holy Spirit guides their steps, preventing them from preaching in Asia and Bithynia and leading them instead to Troas. There, in a vision, Paul receives divine instruction to journey to Macedonia, marking the expansion of the gospel into Europe. This pivotal moment underscores the sovereignty of God in directing the course of Paul’s missionary endeavors and demonstrates the responsiveness of Paul and his companions to the leading of the Holy Spirit. Through their obedience and reliance on God’s guidance, Paul’s second missionary journey is launched, paving the way for the establishment of new Christian communities and the continued spread of the gospel to the ends of the earth.
Scripture: Acts 16:1-15 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 16:1-15 (ESV) offers profound insights into the beginning of Paul’s second missionary journey and the events surrounding his encounter with Timothy and the Macedonian call. Henry emphasizes the significance of Timothy’s partnership with Paul, noting his commendable character and commitment to the gospel ministry. He explores Paul’s decision to circumcise Timothy as a strategic move to avoid unnecessary offense to the Jewish communities they would encounter along their journey. Furthermore, Henry delves into the divine guidance provided by the Holy Spirit, highlighting Paul’s responsiveness to the leading of God in redirecting their course to Macedonia. Henry underscores the sovereignty of God in orchestrating the expansion of the gospel into new territories and the importance of obedience and sensitivity to the leading of the Holy Spirit in the missionary endeavor. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the providential workings of God in directing the course of Paul’s missionary journeys and the significance of partnerships in advancing the kingdom of God.
Here are three questions based on the account of Paul’s second missionary journey from Acts 16:1-15 (ESV):
- Who were the key companions that accompanied Paul on his second missionary journey as described in Acts 16:1-15 (ESV)? What roles did they play in Paul’s ministry during this journey?
- How did the Holy Spirit guide Paul and his companions during their travels in Acts 16:6-10 (ESV)? What pivotal directions did they receive that shaped the course of their missionary journey?
- What significant events occurred in Philippi during Paul’s second missionary journey according to Acts 16:11-15 (ESV)? How did these events contribute to the spread of Christianity in that region?
These questions delve into the details of Paul’s journey, highlighting the role of companionship, divine guidance, and key events that shaped the expansion of the gospel during this crucial phase of early Christian missions.
Day 2: Paul’s Ministry in Philippi
Here again we witness the transformative impact of Paul’s ministry in Philippi, a significant city in Macedonia. Arriving in Philippi, Paul and his companions, including Silas and Timothy, encounter a group of women gathered by the riverside for prayer. Among them is Lydia, a dealer in purple cloth, whose heart is opened by the Lord to receive Paul’s message. She and her household are baptized, marking the beginning of the Philippian church. However, Paul’s ministry also draws opposition, particularly from a slave girl possessed by a spirit of divination. Paul, filled with the Holy Spirit, casts out the evil spirit, resulting in his imprisonment along with Silas. Yet, even in chains, Paul and Silas do not waver in their faith, singing hymns and praying to God. Their steadfastness leads to a miraculous earthquake that opens the prison doors, allowing them to share the gospel with the jailer and his household, who are subsequently baptized. Through Paul’s ministry in Philippi, we witness the transformative power of the gospel to penetrate hearts, break chains, and bring salvation to those in bondage, ultimately leading to the establishment of a vibrant Christian community in the city.
Scripture: Acts 16:16-40 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 16:16-40 (ESV) offers profound insights into Paul’s ministry in Philippi and the events surrounding his encounter with the slave girl, his imprisonment, and the conversion of the jailer. Henry emphasizes the spiritual warfare inherent in Paul’s ministry, highlighting the confrontation with the spirit of divination that possessed the slave girl. He explores the significance of Paul’s response to the girl’s proclamation, demonstrating his authority as an apostle of Christ and his commitment to purity in ministry. Furthermore, Henry delves into the miraculous intervention of God through an earthquake, which leads to the conversion of the jailer and his household. He underscores the sovereignty of God in orchestrating events for the advancement of the gospel and the establishment of the Philippian church. Henry also examines Paul’s willingness to endure suffering and persecution for the sake of the gospel, illustrating the power of faith and perseverance in the face of adversity. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the spiritual dynamics at play in Paul’s ministry in Philippi and the transformative impact of the gospel on individuals and communities.
Here are three questions based on Acts 16:16-40 (ESV), focusing on Paul’s ministry in Philippi:
- Who were the key individuals impacted by Paul’s ministry in Philippi as described in Acts 16:16-40 (ESV)? How did their responses to Paul’s message demonstrate the transformative power of the gospel?
- What challenges did Paul and his companions face during their time in Philippi according to Acts 16:16-24 (ESV)? How did they respond to adversity, and what miraculous events unfolded as a result?
- Describe the outcome of Paul’s imprisonment in Philippi as recorded in Acts 16:25-40 (ESV). How did the jailer and his household respond to the message of salvation, and what significance does this event hold in the establishment of the Philippian church?
These questions explore the profound impact of Paul’s ministry in Philippi, highlighting the transformative power of the gospel and the resilience of Paul and his companions in the face of adversity.
Day 3: Ministry in Thessalonica and Berea
In Acts 17:1-15 (ESV), we witness Paul’s ministry in Thessalonica and Berea, where he continues to proclaim the gospel amidst both receptivity and resistance. In Thessalonica, Paul enters the synagogue and reasons with the Jews from the Scriptures, presenting Jesus as the Christ. While some believe and join him, others oppose him, inciting a riot and forcing Paul and Silas to flee the city. Despite the opposition, Paul’s ministry bears fruit among the Gentiles, as many receive the word with eagerness. In Berea, the response is notably different, as the Berean Jews receive the word with open-mindedness, examining the Scriptures daily to verify the truth of Paul’s message. As a result, many believe, including prominent Greek women and men. However, opposition from Thessalonica follows Paul to Berea, prompting him to depart for Athens. Through Paul’s ministry in Thessalonica and Berea, we witness both the challenges and the triumphs of spreading the gospel, underscoring the importance of perseverance in the face of opposition and the receptivity of those who earnestly seek the truth.
Scripture: Acts 17:1-15 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 17:1-15 (ESV) provides insightful analysis of Paul’s ministry in Thessalonica and Berea. Henry emphasizes Paul’s strategic approach in presenting the gospel to both Jews and Gentiles, using the Scriptures to demonstrate Jesus as the promised Messiah. He highlights the receptivity of some, particularly in Berea, who diligently searched the Scriptures to verify the truth of Paul’s message. Henry also delves into the opposition faced by Paul, particularly from the Jews in Thessalonica who incited a riot against him. Despite the challenges, Paul’s ministry bears fruit among the Gentiles, illustrating the transformative power of the gospel to overcome barriers and bring salvation to all who believe. Henry underscores the importance of perseverance in the face of opposition and the role of diligent study and examination of Scripture in discerning truth. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the dynamics of early Christian evangelism and the enduring relevance of Paul’s ministry for believers today.
Here are three questions based on Acts 17:1-15 (ESV), focusing on Paul’s ministry in Thessalonica and Berea:
- Describe the reception of Paul’s message in Thessalonica as recounted in Acts 17:1-9 (ESV). How did the response to Paul’s preaching differ among the Jews and Gentiles, and what were the outcomes of his ministry in this city?
- What unique response did Paul encounter in Berea according to Acts 17:10-12 (ESV)? How did the Bereans approach Paul’s teachings, and what impact did their diligence in studying the Scriptures have on the reception of the gospel message?
- How did opposition from Thessalonica affect Paul’s ministry in Berea as described in Acts 17:13-15 (ESV)? What does this episode reveal about the challenges faced by early Christian missionaries, and how did Paul respond to these obstacles?
These questions delve into the dynamics of Paul’s ministry in Thessalonica and Berea, highlighting the varied responses to the gospel message and the perseverance of Paul in the face of opposition. They also underscore the importance of earnestly seeking the truth and examining the Scriptures to validate the message of salvation preached by Paul.
Day 4: Paul’s Ministry in Athens
In Acts 17:16-34 (ESV), we encounter Paul’s ministry in Athens, a city renowned for its philosophical and religious diversity. Moved by the prevalence of idolatry in the city, Paul engages in dialogue with both Jews and Gentiles in the marketplace and the Areopagus. There, he boldly proclaims the gospel, using the Athenians’ altar to the “unknown god” as a starting point to introduce them to the true God. Paul eloquently articulates the message of Jesus Christ’s resurrection, challenging the Athenians’ worldview and inviting them to repentance and faith. While some mock his message, others express interest, and a few, including Dionysius and Damaris, become believers. Through Paul’s ministry in Athens, we witness his adaptability in communicating the gospel to diverse audiences and his unwavering commitment to proclaiming the truth of Jesus Christ in the midst of intellectual and spiritual skepticism.
Scripture: Acts 17:16-34 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 17:16-34 (ESV) provides profound insights into Paul’s ministry in Athens. Henry highlights Paul’s strategic engagement with the cultural and philosophical context of Athens, noting his boldness in addressing the prevalence of idolatry in the city. He explores Paul’s use of the Athenians’ altar to the “unknown god” as a starting point to introduce them to the true God, demonstrating his sensitivity to their religious beliefs and customs. Henry emphasizes Paul’s eloquence and wisdom in proclaiming the gospel, drawing upon his knowledge of scripture and cultural awareness to effectively communicate the message of Jesus Christ’s resurrection. Furthermore, Henry delves into the varied responses of the Athenians, illustrating the mixed reactions of curiosity, skepticism, and belief among the listeners. He underscores the importance of contextualization and cultural relevance in evangelism, as well as the sovereignty of God in convicting hearts and drawing people to Himself. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the dynamics of Paul’s ministry in Athens and the enduring relevance of his approach for engaging with diverse cultural contexts in sharing the gospel.
Here are three questions based on Acts 17:16-34 (ESV), focusing on Paul’s ministry in Athens:
- How did Paul engage with the intellectual and religious culture of Athens, as described in Acts 17:16-21 (ESV)? What venues did he use to communicate his message, and what was his approach to addressing the Athenians’ idolatry?
- Describe Paul’s speech at the Areopagus in Acts 17:22-31 (ESV). What key points did Paul emphasize in his message, and how did he connect the gospel to the Athenians’ religious practices and philosophical beliefs?
- What were the responses to Paul’s preaching in Athens according to Acts 17:32-34 (ESV)? How did the Athenians react to Paul’s message, and what notable conversions or reactions occurred as a result of his ministry in this city?
These questions explore Paul’s strategic approach to ministry in Athens, highlighting his ability to engage with diverse philosophical and religious perspectives while proclaiming the gospel of Jesus Christ. They also reflect on the different reactions and outcomes of Paul’s preaching in this influential cultural center of the ancient world.
Day 5: Paul’s Ministry in Corinth
In Acts 18:1-17 (ESV), we witness Paul’s transformative ministry in Corinth, a bustling commercial hub of the ancient world. Arriving in Corinth, Paul meets Aquila and Priscilla, fellow tentmakers, with whom he forms a close partnership in both work and ministry. Paul begins his customary practice of preaching in the synagogue, where he reasons with both Jews and Greeks, testifying that Jesus is the Christ. Despite facing opposition and blasphemy from some Jews, Paul remains steadfast, declaring that he is innocent of their blood, and turns his focus to the Gentiles. In response to a vision from the Lord, Paul receives encouragement to continue preaching and teaching in Corinth, assuring him of God’s protection amidst the challenges he faces. Through Paul’s ministry, many Corinthians believe and are baptized, including Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, and his household. Despite facing adversity and persecution, Paul’s unwavering commitment to the gospel bears fruit in Corinth, laying the foundation for a vibrant Christian community in the city.
Scripture: Acts 18:1-17 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 18:1-17 (ESV) offers profound insights into Paul’s ministry in Corinth. Henry highlights Paul’s resilience and dedication to spreading the gospel amidst both opposition and encouragement. He emphasizes Paul’s strategic approach in partnering with Aquila and Priscilla, fellow tentmakers and devout believers, illustrating the importance of collaborative ministry in advancing the kingdom of God. Henry delves into Paul’s preaching in the synagogue, noting his unwavering commitment to testifying that Jesus is the Christ, despite facing resistance and blasphemy from some Jews. He explores Paul’s response to persecution, illustrating his steadfastness and reliance on God’s protection and guidance. Furthermore, Henry examines the conversion of Crispus and his household, highlighting the transformative power of the gospel to change lives and establish vibrant Christian communities. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the challenges and triumphs of Paul’s ministry in Corinth, as well as the enduring relevance of his example for believers today.
Here are three questions based on Acts 18:1-17 (ESV), focusing on Paul’s ministry in Corinth:
- How did Paul’s encounter with Aquila and Priscilla in Corinth impact his ministry, as described in Acts 18:1-3 (ESV)? What role did they play in Paul’s work, and how did their shared occupation influence their partnership in both business and ministry?
- Describe the opposition and challenges Paul faced while preaching in the synagogue in Corinth, as outlined in Acts 18:4-8 (ESV). How did Paul respond to this resistance, and what pivotal event marked a shift in his focus from the Jews to the Gentiles in Corinth?
- What encouragement did Paul receive from the Lord in a vision, according to Acts 18:9-11 (ESV)? How did this vision strengthen Paul’s resolve to continue his ministry in Corinth, and what assurance did God provide regarding Paul’s safety and effectiveness in spreading the gospel?
These questions delve into Paul’s experiences and interactions during his ministry in Corinth, highlighting the dynamics of his relationships with fellow believers, his response to opposition, and the divine guidance he received to persevere in his mission despite challenges. They underscore the transformative impact of Paul’s unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel in this influential city of the ancient world.
Week 4: Paul’s Letters and Imprisonment
Day 1: Paul’s Letters to the Churches
Paul’s letters to the churches stand as foundational documents of Christian theology and practice, offering timeless wisdom and guidance to believers across generations. From his epistles to the Romans, Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians, Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, Paul addresses a wide range of theological, ethical, and pastoral concerns. With profound theological depth and pastoral sensitivity, Paul expounds on themes such as salvation by grace through faith, the unity of the body of Christ, Christian ethics, the role of the Holy Spirit, and the hope of Christ’s return. Through his letters, Paul not only instructs and admonishes but also encourages and exhorts believers to live lives worthy of their calling in Christ. His words continue to inspire and guide believers in their journey of faith, providing enduring truths and principles for navigating the complexities of Christian life and ministry.
Scripture: Various passages from Paul’s letters (e.g., Romans, Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians)
- Romans 3:23 (ESV)
- 1 Corinthians 13:4-7 (ESV)
- Galatians 5:22-23 (ESV)
- Ephesians 2:8-9 (ESV)
- Philippians 4:6-7 (ESV
- Colossians 3:12-14 (ESV)
- 1 Thessalonians 5:16-18 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Paul’s epistles offers comprehensive insights into the theological depth and practical application of Paul’s letters to the early Christian churches. Henry delves into the historical and cultural context of each epistle, providing valuable background information to enhance understanding. He expounds on key theological themes such as salvation by grace through faith, the unity of the body of Christ, Christian ethics, and eschatology, offering profound insights into the Christian faith. Henry’s commentary also provides practical guidance for believers in applying the teachings of Paul’s letters to their daily lives, addressing issues such as Christian living, church leadership, and relationships within the Christian community. Through his thorough analysis and clear exposition of scripture, Henry’s commentary on Paul’s epistles continues to serve as a valuable resource for Christians seeking a deeper understanding of the teachings of the apostle Paul and their relevance for contemporary Christian life and ministry.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s letters and their significance in Christian theology and practice:
- How do Paul’s epistles contribute to the foundation of Christian theology, and what key theological themes does he expound upon in his letters to the churches? Provide examples of these themes and their importance in shaping Christian doctrine.
- Describe the pastoral sensitivity and practical guidance evident in Paul’s letters to the churches. How does Paul address specific ethical, moral, and relational issues within these communities, and what principles does he offer for Christian living and unity?
- Reflecting on the enduring impact of Paul’s letters, how do his words continue to inspire and guide believers today? Discuss specific passages or teachings from Paul’s epistles that resonate with modern Christians and offer timeless truths for navigating contemporary challenges in faith and ministry.
These questions explore the breadth and depth of Paul’s epistles, highlighting their theological richness, pastoral relevance, and ongoing significance for believers in understanding and living out the Christian faith.
Day 2: Paul’s Arrest in Jerusalem
Paul’s arrest in Jerusalem, as recorded in Acts 21:27-36 (ESV), marks a significant turning point in his ministry and serves as a demonstration of his unwavering commitment to the gospel message. While in Jerusalem, Paul’s presence in the temple stirs up a riot among the Jews who falsely accuse him of defiling the temple by bringing Gentiles into its sacred precincts. Despite his attempts to defend himself and clarify his actions, Paul is seized by the mob, who seek to kill him. However, Roman soldiers intervene and arrest Paul, rescuing him from the violent mob. This arrest sets in motion a series of events that will ultimately lead to Paul’s imprisonment in Rome and the opportunity for him to testify before rulers and authorities about the gospel of Jesus Christ. Through Paul’s arrest, we witness his willingness to endure suffering and persecution for the sake of the gospel, demonstrating his unwavering faithfulness to his calling as an apostle of Christ.
Scripture: Acts 21:17-36 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 21:17-36 (ESV) provides valuable insights into Paul’s arrest in Jerusalem. Henry emphasizes the tumultuous circumstances surrounding Paul’s visit to Jerusalem and his encounter with James and the elders of the church. He explores the complexities of Paul’s decision to participate in Jewish customs, such as purification rites, as a gesture of goodwill towards his Jewish brethren. Henry also delves into the hostility and opposition faced by Paul from some Jews who falsely accused him of defiling the temple. Despite Paul’s innocence and attempts to clarify the misunderstanding, the situation escalates into a violent riot, leading to Paul’s arrest by Roman authorities. Henry underscores the providential intervention of God in preserving Paul’s life amidst the chaos and the fulfillment of prophecy in Paul’s suffering for the sake of the gospel. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the complexities of Paul’s ministry and the sovereignty of God in orchestrating events for the advancement of His kingdom purposes.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s arrest in Jerusalem as recorded in Acts 21:27-36 (ESV):
- How does Paul’s arrest in Jerusalem demonstrate his commitment to the gospel despite facing opposition and persecution? Discuss the circumstances surrounding the riot in the temple and Paul’s response to false accusations from the Jews.
- What role did Roman soldiers play in rescuing Paul from the violent mob in Jerusalem? How did Paul’s arrest pave the way for his subsequent imprisonment in Rome and the opportunity to testify about the gospel before rulers and authorities?
- Reflecting on Paul’s unwavering faithfulness in the face of suffering and persecution, what lessons can believers today glean from his example? How does Paul’s response to adversity and his commitment to proclaiming the gospel inspire Christians to remain steadfast in their own faith and ministry?
These questions delve into the significance of Paul’s arrest in Jerusalem, highlighting his steadfastness in the face of opposition and the providential unfolding of events that furthered the spread of the gospel during his imprisonment and testimony before influential figures in the Roman Empire.
Day 3: Paul’s Defense Before Felix
In Acts 24:1-27 (ESV), we witness Paul’s defense before Felix, the Roman governor of Judea, which showcases Paul’s unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel amidst adversity. Accused by the Jewish leaders of inciting riots and stirring up trouble among the Jews, Paul presents a bold and eloquent defense, emphasizing his adherence to the law of Moses and his commitment to maintaining a clear conscience before God and men. Despite the accusations leveled against him, Paul maintains his innocence and asserts that his teachings are based on the hope of the resurrection of the dead, a belief shared by the Pharisees. Throughout his defense, Paul demonstrates wisdom, integrity, and a deep understanding of the principles of justice, urging Felix to consider the righteousness of his cause. Despite Felix’s reluctance to render a verdict, Paul’s defense serves as a powerful testimony to his steadfast faith and unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel, even in the face of opposition and persecution.
Scripture: Acts 24:1-27 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 24:1-27 (ESV) offers profound insights into Paul’s defense before Felix, the Roman governor of Judea. Henry delves into the accusations brought against Paul by the Jewish leaders, highlighting the strategic approach of Paul in presenting his defense. He emphasizes Paul’s integrity and adherence to the principles of justice, noting his commitment to maintaining a clear conscience before God and men. Henry explores Paul’s eloquent defense, emphasizing his emphasis on the hope of the resurrection of the dead, a central tenet of the Christian faith. Despite Felix’s reluctance to render a verdict, Henry underscores the providential workings of God in using Paul’s defense to further the spread of the gospel and advance His kingdom purposes. Overall, Henry’s commentary provides readers with a deeper understanding of the complexities of Paul’s trial before Felix and the enduring relevance of Paul’s example for believers facing opposition and persecution.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s defense before Felix in Acts 24:1-27 (ESV):
- How does Paul’s defense before Felix highlight his commitment to proclaiming the gospel with integrity and wisdom? Discuss how Paul navigates the accusations against him and presents a bold defense rooted in his faith and understanding of the law.
- What key aspects of Paul’s testimony before Felix emphasize his unwavering commitment to the hope of the resurrection and his adherence to the teachings of the law? How does Paul’s defense reflect his dedication to maintaining a clear conscience before God and men?
- Reflecting on Paul’s example in Acts 24 (ESV), how can believers today emulate his steadfast faith and commitment to proclaiming the gospel amidst opposition? What lessons can be drawn from Paul’s defense before Felix about upholding Christian principles and speaking truthfully in challenging circumstances?
These questions delve into the themes of Paul’s defense before Felix, highlighting his steadfast commitment to proclaiming the gospel and maintaining integrity in the face of accusations and adversity. They invite reflection on how believers can emulate Paul’s example in their own faith journey and witness for Christ.
Day 4: Paul’s Defense Before Festus and Agrippa
In Acts 25:1-27 (ESV) and Acts 26:1-32 (ESV), we witness Paul’s defense before Festus, the Roman governor, and Agrippa II, the Jewish king, which serves as a powerful testimony to his unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel. Accused by the Jewish leaders and facing pressure to stand trial in Jerusalem, Paul appeals to Caesar, invoking his right as a Roman citizen to be tried in Rome. As Festus convenes a hearing to present Paul’s case before Agrippa II, Paul seizes the opportunity to testify about his conversion to Christianity and his mission to preach the gospel to both Jews and Gentiles. In a compelling and eloquent defense, Paul recounts his encounter with the risen Christ on the road to Damascus and his subsequent commission to proclaim the message of salvation. Despite facing skepticism and ridicule from Festus and Agrippa, Paul boldly declares his unwavering faith in Christ and his commitment to obeying God’s calling on his life. Through his defense before Festus and Agrippa, Paul demonstrates his steadfast devotion to the gospel, even in the face of opposition and persecution, inspiring believers to stand firm in their faith and boldly proclaim the truth of Christ.
Scripture: Acts 25:1-27 (ESV); Acts 26:1-32 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 25:1-27 (ESV) and Acts 26:1-32 (ESV) provides profound insights into Paul’s defense before Festus and Agrippa, highlighting the strategic wisdom and unwavering commitment to the gospel displayed by the apostle. Henry delves into the intricacies of Paul’s legal proceedings, emphasizing his rights as a Roman citizen and his decision to appeal to Caesar to ensure a fair trial. He explores Paul’s eloquent defense before Festus and Agrippa, noting his recounting of his conversion experience and his passionate proclamation of the gospel message. Henry underscores Paul’s courage and boldness in facing opposition and persecution, as well as his unwavering commitment to obeying God’s calling on his life, regardless of the consequences. Through his commentary, Henry provides readers with a deeper understanding of the complexities of Paul’s trial and the enduring relevance of his example for believers facing adversity and persecution in their own lives.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s defense before Festus and Agrippa as recorded in Acts 25:1-27 (ESV) and Acts 26:1-32 (ESV):
- How does Paul’s defense before Festus and Agrippa exemplify his unwavering commitment to proclaiming the gospel despite facing skepticism and opposition? Discuss how Paul’s testimony about his conversion experience on the road to Damascus highlights his dedication to fulfilling God’s calling.
- In what ways does Paul’s appeal to Caesar as a Roman citizen reflect his strategic approach to ensure that the message of the gospel reaches beyond local disputes and becomes a testimony to rulers and authorities? How does this decision align with Paul’s overarching mission to spread the gospel to the ends of the earth?
- Reflecting on Paul’s defense before Festus and Agrippa, how does his bold testimony challenge believers today to stand firm in their faith and boldly proclaim the truth of Christ in the midst of adversity? What lessons can be drawn from Paul’s example about the importance of unwavering commitment to God’s calling despite the challenges faced?
These questions delve into Paul’s defense before Festus and Agrippa, highlighting his resolute commitment to the gospel and his strategic approach to ensure that his testimony reaches influential leaders. They invite reflection on how believers can emulate Paul’s unwavering faith and dedication to proclaiming Christ in challenging circumstances.
Day 5: Paul’s Journey to Rome
Paul’s journey to Rome, as depicted in Acts 27:1-28 (ESV)and Acts 27:16 (ESV), is a dramatic narrative of faith, perseverance, and divine providence amidst perilous circumstances. Despite facing opposition and adversity, Paul remains resolute in his determination to fulfill God’s calling on his life, which includes testifying about Jesus Christ in the imperial capital. From his departure from Caesarea to his harrowing voyage at sea and eventual arrival in Rome, Paul’s journey is marked by both challenges and divine interventions. Despite enduring a shipwreck and being bitten by a venomous snake upon reaching Malta, Paul remains unshaken in his faith, ministering to those around him and continuing to proclaim the gospel. Upon arriving in Rome, Paul is granted the opportunity to share the message of salvation with Jewish leaders and prominent figures, fulfilling his mission to bear witness to Christ in the heart of the Roman Empire. Through Paul’s journey to Rome, we witness the sovereign hand of God orchestrating events for the advancement of His kingdom purposes, and we are reminded of the power of faith and obedience in the face of adversity.
Scripture: Acts 27:1-28 (ESV)and Acts 27:16 (ESV)
Matthew Henry’s commentary on Acts 27:1-28 (ESV)and Acts 27:16 (ESV) provides insightful analysis of Paul’s perilous journey to Rome and the divine interventions that accompany it. Henry delves into the narrative of the sea voyage, highlighting the challenges faced by Paul and his companions as they encounter storms, shipwreck, and other dangers. He emphasizes the providential care of God in preserving Paul’s life and fulfilling His purpose for him to testify about Jesus in Rome. Henry explores Paul’s role as a source of encouragement and leadership during the tumultuous journey, noting his unwavering faith and trust in God’s sovereignty. Additionally, Henry examines the reception of Paul and his companions in Malta and Rome, illustrating the impact of their testimony on those they encounter. Through his commentary, Henry provides readers with a deeper understanding of the themes of faith, perseverance, and divine providence found in this portion of Acts, inspiring believers to trust in God’s guidance and provision even in the midst of life’s storms.
Here are three questions related to Paul’s journey to Rome as depicted in Acts 27:1-28 (ESV)and Acts 27:16 (ESV):
- How does Paul’s journey to Rome, characterized by perilous events such as a shipwreck and a venomous snakebite, exemplify his unwavering faith and determination to fulfill God’s calling despite adversity? Discuss how these trials served to strengthen Paul’s witness and ministry even amidst challenging circumstances.
- Reflecting on Paul’s experiences during the voyage to Rome, what lessons can be drawn about the sovereignty and providence of God in orchestrating events for the advancement of His kingdom purposes? How does Paul’s journey underscore the theme of divine protection and guidance in the face of danger and uncertainty?
- Upon arriving in Rome, how does Paul’s ministry to Jewish leaders and prominent figures fulfill his mission to bear witness to Christ in the heart of the Roman Empire? Discuss the significance of Paul’s opportunity to share the message of salvation with influential individuals despite his circumstances as a prisoner.
These questions invite reflection on Paul’s remarkable journey to Rome, highlighting themes of faith, perseverance, divine providence, and the power of testimony. They prompt consideration of how believers can emulate Paul’s steadfast faith and trust in God’s sovereignty during challenging times, and how God works through adverse situations to accomplish His purposes.
Conclusion
Paul’s conversion and subsequent ministry represent a remarkable transformation that reverberated throughout the early Christian world. Originally known as Saul of Tarsus, he was a zealous persecutor of Christians until he encountered the risen Jesus on the road to Damascus. This encounter was not just a turning point in his life but also a pivotal moment in Christian history. Paul’s conversion was profound, marked by a radical shift from persecutor to proclaimer of the gospel.
His ministry was characterized by unwavering commitment and missionary zeal. Paul’s deep theological insights, coupled with his passion for spreading the message of Christ, laid a foundation for the expansion of Christianity beyond Jewish communities into the Gentile world. His letters to various churches addressed critical theological and ethical issues, shaping Christian doctrine and practice for centuries to come.
Paul’s enduring legacy lies in his steadfast faith in Christ, his courage in the face of persecution, and his dedication to fulfilling his divine calling. His life serves as a testament to the transformative power of encountering Jesus Christ and the extraordinary impact one person can have on the course of history through faith and obedience.
